ASP.NET PDF Viewer using C#, VB/NET

Table B-1. Popular and commonly used Drush commands Command cache clear (cc) cron disable (dis) download (dl) Details Clear all Drupal caches or a specific cache. Run all cron hooks. Disable one or more modules or themes. Download core and contributed modules and themes; this is great when used in parallel with Drush Make. Enable one or more modules or themes; this is great when used in parallel with Drush Make. Print a list of all available modules and themes. Prints status information about the Drupal site, such as Drupal version, site path, database username/password, and so on. Open a SQL command-line interface using the site s database user name and password. Export the Drupal database using mysqldump. Copy a source database to a target database using rsync; this is great when used to push staging sites from one location to another. Uninstall one or more modules. Update contributed modules and apply database updates (that is, run update.php); this works with many file versioning systems. Update project code without applying database updates. Run the update.php script from the command line; note that you may need to use the batch-process command to make this work (see http://drupal.org/node/873132). Delete a variable. List all or some site variables. Set a variable.

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In this final section, we ll look at a stream that is not a file. We ll use a stream from .NET s cryptographic services to encrypt a string. This encrypted string can be decrypted later as long as we know the key. The test program in Example 11-51 illustrates this.

static void Main(string[] args) { byte[] key; byte[] iv; // Get the appropriate key and initialization vector for the algorithm SelectKeyAndIV(out key, out iv);

Although we had to add an HTTP module, the routes remained the same, without any extensions. In addition, all URL-generating action helpers still generate pretty URLs, ensuring that no end user ever sees a URL with the .mvc extension. With the URLrewriting extension in place, we can now employ its features to address canonical URLs, forwarding, and other rewriting concerns.

string superSecret = "This is super secret"; Console.WriteLine(superSecret); string encryptedText = EncryptString(superSecret, key, iv); Console.WriteLine(encryptedText); string decryptedText = DecryptString(encryptedText, key, iv); Console.WriteLine(decryptedText); } Console.ReadKey();

It is going to write a message to the console, encrypt it, write the encrypted text to the console, decrypt it, and write the result of that back to the console. All being well, the first line should be the same as the last, and the middle line should look like gibberish!

Of course, it s not very useful to encrypt and immediately decrypt again. This example illustrates all the parts in one program in a real application, decryption would happen in a different place than encryption.

Summary

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The first thing we do is get a suitable key and initialization vector for our cryptographic algorithm. These are the two parts of the secret key that are shared between whoever is encrypting and decrypting our sensitive data. A detailed discussion of cryptography is somewhat beyond the scope of this book, but here are a few key points to get us going. Unenciphered data is known as the plain text, and the encrypted version is known as cipher text. We use those terms even if we re dealing with nontextual data. The key and the initialization vector (IV) are used by a cryptographic algorithm to encrypt the unenciphered data. A cryptographic algorithm that uses the same key and IV for both encryption and decryption is called a symmetric algorithm (for obvious reasons). Asymmetric algorithms also exist, but we won t be using them in this example. Needless to say, if an unauthorized individual gets hold of the key and IV, he can happily decrypt any of your cipher text, and you no longer have a communications channel free from prying eyes. It is therefore extremely important that you take care when sharing these secrets with the people who need them, to ensure that no one else can intercept them. (This turns out to be the hardest part key management and especially human factors turn out to be security weak points far more often than the technological details. This is a book about programming, so we won t even attempt to solve that problem. We recommend the book Secrets and Lies: Digital Security in a Networked World by Bruce Schneier [John Wiley & Sons] for more information.)

We re calling a method called SelectKeyAndIV to get hold of the key and IV. In real life, you d likely be sharing this information between different processes, usually even on different machines; but for the sake of this demonstration, we re just creating them on the fly, as you can see in Example 11-52.

With the new routing abilities of ASP.NET MVC came new deployment challenges. Although IIS 7 supports extensionless, pretty URLs out of the box, earlier versions of IIS don t. But we have a variety of deployment options for earlier versions of IIS, some of which enable pretty URLs. URL rewriting is the most powerful of these deployment

private static void SelectKeyAndIV(out byte[] key, out byte[] iv) { var algorithm = TripleDES.Create(); algorithm.GenerateIV(); algorithm.GenerateKey(); key = algorithm.Key; iv = algorithm.IV;

}

TripleDES is an example of a symmetric algorithm, so it derives from a class called SymmetricAlgorithm. All such classes provide a couple of methods called GenerateIV and GenerateKey that create cryptographically strong random byte arrays to use as an

options, because it opens up new scenarios in URL canonicalization and seamless resource management. In this chapter, you ve learned how to deploy ASP.NET MVC applications on a number of different IIS configurations. Next up in chapter 7, you ll learn how to leverage the many existing ASP.NET runtime features in your applications so that you can get up to speed quickly.

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initialization vector and a key. See the sidebar below for an explanation of why we need to use a particular kind of random number generator when cryptography is involved.